Meaning and objectives of Research

The term, itself, suggests that we are searching "something" which is there but remains unknown to us. Research stands for 'Re' means 'again' and 'search' meaning " to find". So, research means to find out something new in the topic already existed.

It is a quest taken for finding new information about the things we already know.

It is a scientific inquire and has to be systematic, for searching important information on a specific topic.

It can also be refereed to as a " Voyage of discovery". By and large, it is an academic activity but has implications for real-time situations such as policy making.

Research is a process of steps used to collect and analyze information to increase our understanding of a topic (or) issue. 

According to Cook, research is an acronym of the following

R = Rational way of thinking 

E = Expert and exhaustive treatment 

S = search and solution

E = Exactness 

A = Analysis 

R = Relationship of facts 

C = Critical observation, careful planning, constructive attitude and condensed generalization.

H = Honest and hardworking

Objectives of Research 

The main purpose of research is to discover answers to questions through scientific procedures.

• Gain familiarity with a new phenomenon or developing new insight into a phenomenon
• Reviews and synthesize the existing knowledge 
• Investigate some existing situation or problem
• Offer solutions to a problem 
• Explore and analyze more general issues 
• construct or create a new procedure or system
• Generate new knowledge 
• Research should be highly focused and feasible 
• Research makes accurate use of concepts 
• Research is dome to find out the hidden truth 
  

August - International & National Important Days

 The August month important days and their slogans are presented here for the purpose of you exam success. Here is a brief description about all the days.

3rd August : Independence day of Niger

Independence Day in the Republic of Niger is commemorated on August 3, marking the nation's independence from France in 1960. Since 1975, it is also Arbor Day, as trees are planted across the nation to aid the fight against desertification.

8th August: Quit India Day

On 8 August 1942 at the All-India Congress Committee session in Bombay, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi launched the 'Quit India' movement. The next day, Gandhi, Nehru and many other leaders of the Indian National Congress were arrested by the British Government. Disorderly and non-violent demonstrations took place throughout the country in the following days.

9th August: International day of World’s indigenous people

The International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples is observed on 9 August each year to raise awareness and protect the rights of the world's indigenous population. This event also recognizes the achievements and contributions that indigenous people make to improve world issues such as environmental protection.

Theme-2022: Leaving no one behind: Indigenous peoples and the call for a new social contract

12th August: International Youth Day

International Youth Day is an awareness day designated by the United Nations. The purpose of the day is to draw attention to a given set of cultural and legal issues surrounding youth. The first IYD was observed on 12 August, 2000

Theme-2022:building a better world for our children.

29th August: International sports day

Every year, 29th August has been observed as National Sports Day in India. The first National Sports Day was celebrated on 29th August 2012, on the birth anniversary of Major Dhyan Chand who was the star of hockey team of India. The day is used as a platform to launch various sports schemes as well as organise various sporting events and seminars to spread awareness about the importance of physical activities and sports in life.

Theme-2022: Securing a Sustainable and Peaceful Future for All: The Contribution of Sport

Recently Prime Minister Narendra Modi has announced that Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award will be renamed as Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award.

Other Days are 

14th August: Independence Day of Pakistan

15th August: Independence Day of India

19th August: Worlds photographers day

JNTUK Pre Ph.D Research Methodology Syllabus Paper I

The objective of this course is to brush-up the concepts related to research plans and methodologies
generally employed to accomplish research goals. The idea is to provide paramilitaries with various
quantitative and qualitative techniques that can be used while solving research questions.

UNIT-I

Foundations of Research: Meaning, Objectives, Motivation, Utility. Concept of theory, empiricism, deductive and inductive theory. Characteristics of scientific method – Understanding the language of research – Concept, Construct, Definition, Variable

Research Process: Problem Identification & Formulation – Research Question – Investigation
Question – Measurement Issues – Hypothesis – Qualities of a good Hypothesis –Null Hypothesis
& Alternative Hypothesis. Hypothesis Testing – Logic & Importance

UNIT-II

Research Design: Concept and Importance in Research – Features of a good research design –
Exploratory Research Design – concept, types and uses, Descriptive Research Designs – concept,
types and uses. Experimental Design: Concept of Independent & Dependent variables

Qualitative and Quantitative Research: Qualitative research – Quantitative research – Concept
of measurement, causality, generalization, replication. Merging the two approaches

UNIT-III

Measurement: Concept of measurement– what is measured? Problems in measurement in
research – Validity and Reliability. Levels of measurement – Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio

Sampling: Concepts of Statistical Population, Sample, Sampling Frame, Sampling Error, Sample
Size, Non Response. Characteristics of a good sample. Probability Sample – Simple Random
Sample, Systematic Sample, Stratified Random Sample & Multi-stage sampling. Determining size
of the sample – Practical considerations in sampling and sample size.

UNIT-IV

Data Analysis: Data Preparation – Univariate analysis (frequency tables, bar charts, pie charts,
percentages), Bivariate analysis – Cross tabulations and Chi-square test including testing
hypothesis of association

Interpretation of Data and Paper Writing – Layout of a Research Paper, Journals in Computer
Science, Impact factor of Journals, When and where to publish? Ethical issues related to
publishing, Plagiarism and Self-Plagiarism

UNIT-V

Use of Encyclopedias, Research Guides, Handbook etc., Academic Databases for Computer
Science Discipline

Use of tools / techniques for Research: methods to search required information effectively,
Reference Management Software like Zotero/Mendeley, Software for paper formatting like
LaTeX/MS Office, Software for detection of Plagiarism